Agronomy is the branch of agriculture
sciences dealing with principles and practices of crop production and
field management. Agronomy is mainly based on following basic
principles Agrometerology, Soils and Tillage, Soil and Water
Conservation, Dryland Agriculture, Mineral Nutrition of Plants, Manures
and Fertilizers, Irrigation Water Management, Weed Management, Cropping
and Farming Systems, Sustainable Agriculture.
Agrometerology:
Agrometerology is the branch of meteorology, which investigates the
relationship of plants and animals to the physical environment.
Agrometerology describes Agrometerological Observatory, Atmosphere,
Wind, Clouds and Precipitation, Solar Radiation, Air Temperature, Soil
Temperature, Humidity and Evaporation, Weather Hazards and their
Mitigation, Weather and Crop Productivity, Weather Relations of crops,
Weather Forecasting and Classification of Climate and Agroclimate in
relation to agriculture.
Soils and Tillage:
Soils and tillage are necessary to know how soils should be managed
and conserved for sustainable crop production. Under this principle of
agronomy we can learn Physical Properties of Soil, Chemical Properties
of Soil, Biological Properties of Soil, Soil Organic Matter, Salt
Affected Soils, and Tillage.
Soil and Water conservation:
We must conserve soil and water because these are the most critical
resources. In this principle we will touch to Soil Erosion, Water
Erosion, Wind Erosion, Soil and Water Conservation Measure.
Dryland Agriculture:
Dryland farming is cultivation of crops in regions with annual rainfall
more than 750 mm. Under this we need to read History of Dryland
Agriculture, Problems of Dryland Agriculture, Monsoon and Length of
Crop Growing Season, Drought, Moisture Conservation in Drylands, Water
Harvesting and Protective Irrigation, Crops and Cropping Systems,
Mitigating Adverse Effect of Aberrant Weather, Alternate Land Use
Systems, Watershed Management and Improved Dryland Agricultural
Implements.
Mineral Nutrition, Manures and Fertilizers: Nutrient
Management is one of the most important principles in agronomy which
includes Essentials in Plant Nutrition, Nutrient Uptake by Plants, Soil
Fertility Evaluation, Manures, Fertilizers in Indian Agriculture,
Nitrogen Fertilizers, Phosphatic Fertilizers, Potassic Fertilizers,
Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur, Micronutrients, Mixed Fertilizers,
Fertilizer Application, and Fertilizers & Environment.
Irrigation Water Management:
Irrigation Water Management is very important for success of
agriculture. In irrigation management we need to read Irrigation in
Indian Agriculture, Water Resource & Their Development, Systems of
Irrigation, Soil – Water Relationships, Plant – Water Relationship,
Evapotranspiration, Water Requirements of Crops, Measurement of
Irrigation Water, Scheduling Irrigation, Methods of Irrigation,
Irrigation & Water Use Efficiency, Irrigation Practices for Major
Crops, Quality of Irrigation Water, Drainage, Cropping Pattern in
Command Areas, Pricing Irrigation Water.
Weed Management: Weed
is a plant grown at place & time which is not desire.
Understanding of Common Weeds, Losses and Benefits, Weed Ecology &
Classification, Crop – Weed Association & Competition, Methods of
Weed Control, Classification of Herbicides, Herbicide Formulation,
Herbicide Application, Absorption & Translocation of Herbicides,
Mode of action of Herbicide, Selectivity of Herbicide, Herbicide
Combination, Rotations & Interactions, Persistence of Herbicides in
Soils, Herbicide Resistance, Chemical Weed Control in Different Crops,
Parasitic & Aquatic Weed Control.
Cropping Systems:
Cropping systems is gaining more importance in this day and includes
Various Terminology, Major Cropping Systems, Agronomy of Rainfed
Cropping Systems, Agronomy of Irrigated Cropping Systems, Evaluation of
Cropping Systems, Farming Systems and Farming Systems Research
Sustainable Agriculture:
Sustainable agriculture can be define as the form of agriculture aimed
at meeting the food and fuel needs of the present generation without
endangering the resource base for the future generations. It includes
study of Impact of Improved Crop Production Technology, Factors
Affecting Ecological Balance, Evaluation of Sustainable Agriculture,
Components of Sustainable Agriculture, Sustainable Utilization of Land
Resources, Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources, Sustainable
utilization of Biodiversity, Integrated Nutrient Management, Integrated
Nutrient Management, Integrated Plant Protection, Enhancing
Sustainability of Dryland Agriculture, Enhancing Sustainability of
Irrigated Agriculture, Agricultural Sustainability and Farming Systems.
No comments:
Post a Comment